On Law 1975/1991, see Ibid. Challenges to Desecuritizing Migration in Greece, Albanian immigrants in Thessaloniki, Greece: Processes of economic and social incorporation, Greece: Policing racist violence in the 'fenceless vineyard', Photographing the “Other”: Immigration and New Images of the Greek Ethnic “Self”, Greek Policy towards Immigration and Immigrants, European Opinion About Immigration: The Role of Identities, Interests and Information, Female, barbarian, and slave: Migrant women in modern Greece, New Patterns of Global Security in the Twenty-First Century, Socio-Spatial Dynamics and Exclusion of Three Immigrant Groups in the Athens Conurbation, Muslim Immigrants in Greece: Religious Organization and Local Responses, The political discourse on immigration in Southern Europe: A critical analysis, Securitization and Minority Rights: Conditions of Desecuritization, Burma's civil war: A case of societal security, Migration in Southern Europe and the Case of Greece, Trafficking and Prostitution: The Growing Exploitation of Migrant Women in Greece, Albanian and Polish Undocumented Workers in Greece: a Comparative Analysis, The movement of hostility during recovery from depression, Psychometric Properties of the Revised Death Attitude Profile in a Greek Sample of Nurses. This served to worsen Greece’s trade balance, increasing its current account deficit. One driving factor of these contestations is that the solidarity challenge in facing the ‘refugee crisis’ is taken up differently in transit countries in the South of Europe and destination countries in the North. Over the last decade, the unprecedented influx of refugees and migrants into the European Union has posed a significant challenge to Europe, with solidarity being contested at two fronts: first, the question of solidarity with refugees in terms of meeting adequate measures of protection and satisfying their elementary needs; and second, the question of solidarity within the European Union in terms of sharing the costs and burden of hosting these refugees among the member states. This paper addresses the complex issue of Albanian migrants' economic and social incorporation in a Greek city, Thessaloniki. See also Barry BuzanNew patterns of global security in the twenty-first century. The main questions the article will try to address are: How have Greek political, On the evening of Rajiv Gandhi’s assassination, Jim Lehrer asked the India experts who were guests on his McNeil-Lehrer News Hour if the Gandhi family had been the glue that held India together. The measures, applied amidst the worst financial crisis since the Great Depression, proved to be one of the largest factors attributing to Greece's economic implosion. Rybaczuk, 'Southern Europe and the international division of labour: from emigration to I do not attach a grade to the coin as grading is very subjective. Access scientific knowledge from anywhere. immigrants', The Review of Economics and Statistics, 88(3), August 2006. Until the late 1990s, the greatest threat to Greece was Turkey, as the two nations have had historical disputes over Cyprus and other territory for decades. Have there been any differences in this discourse over time? The discourse of social exclusion of immigrants in Greece and Italy. The social processes and mechanisms that produce and reproduce the somatic and social exploitation of female migrants caught in the web of the sex industry are analysed. cit., p. 23. cit., p. 255. The internal consistency for each of the subscales ranged from 0.64 to 0.88. John spent his entire adolescent life watching other men physically and emotionally control his mother. Contrary to past surveys these factors are never examined in Greece, so the findings of this research are a clear contribution to the academic literature. As capital began to dry up, Greece faced a liquidity crisis, forcing the government to seek bailout funding, which they eventually received with staunch conditions. An attempt at State of Play, Hellenic League for Human Rights, Athens, April 2007, p. 2,, http://diversity. During the 1990s, Greek public opinion expressed support for the actions of the Serbs, making Greece differ in its position from fellow EU states. On the basis of this common feature, they have been grouped together in recent discussions of migration experiences and prospects. See also, Lois Labrianidis and Antigone Limberaki, Albanian Immigrants Jowell and the Central Coordinating Team, European Social Survey. cit. It argues that although Muslims are now an integral part of a multi-religious Greece, there is a long way to go to achieving their integration. Can economic interests trump ethnic hostility? between China and its neighbors. In allowing migrants to author their own narratives of border-crossing into a new "homeland," these theatrical endeavours attempt to break both the monologism of Greek theatre and monolithic understandings of national identity. Our analysis demonstrates a general tendency to frame immigrants in a negative light, consistent with a “threat” narrative but inconsistent with actual immigrant demographics. Consistent with previous literature on public opinion and globalization, but in contrast to an Its principal exports include food (especially fruit and nuts), clothing and apparel, machinery, and refined petroleum and petroleum … survey research on opinion toward China as a security threat in Australia. The coin is in raw uncertified condition and is a very nice coin. Those main concerns are counterbalanced, to some extent, by the contribution of immigrants to the economy. The adoption of the euro only highlighted the competitiveness gap as it made German goods and services relatively cheaper than those in Greece. This study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the Revised Death Attitude Profile (DAP-R) in a sample of Greek nurses and nursing students. However, rather than strengthening the economy, the country suffered soaring inflation rates, high fiscal and trade deficits, low growth rates, and exchange rate crises. synthesis', in Vincenzo Ruggiero, Nigel South and Ian Taylor (eds), The New European The recession weakened Greece’s already paltry tax revenues, which caused the deficit to worsen. Imagined Communities, Verso, London, 1991. Are you joking? A list of notable films produced in Greece in the 1990s.. 1990s. PIP Further, the single currency would eliminate many transaction costs, leaving more money for the deficit and debt reduction. See Dimitris A. Antoniou, 'Muslim In recent decades, the southern European countries of Spain, Portugal, Italy, and Greece have all undergone transformation from senders to receivers of migrants. The civil war, although reduced in its intensity, remains. I do not attach a grade to the coin as grading is very subjective. For most of the 2000s, the interest rates that Greece faced were similar to those faced by Germany. I will leave that up to you to grade the coin based on the high resolution scan. The European debt crisis refers to the struggle faced by Eurozone countries in paying off debts they had accumulated over decades. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Gilles De Rapper refers to this as 'a double identity phenomenon. Migration in Southern Europe, Macmillan, London, 2000; Russell King and Krysia Greece isn’t a country that springs to mind when the topic … We code the images based on whether they include visual representations of the border and immigration enforcement, whether illegality and/or criminal behavior is shown or implied, and the activities in which the immigrants are engaged. See also Barry Buzan, 'New patterns of global security in the This sudden influx activated a defense mechanism on the part of the state, with political elites, security professionals, and the mass media, all contributing to the discursive criminalization of migration (Karyotis, 2012; Migration and unregistered labour in the Greek economy. The second section discusses the ingroup-outgroup dynamics activated in immigration discourse from a sociological and a social psychological perspective. Methods: Exclusion and integration of migrants in the host country are seen as dynamic processes, which may be contradictory but operate in parallel. Agriculture ), Social Exclusion: The Greek Greece is a maritime, mountainous country in south/east Europe, bounded by Albania, Macedonia and Bulgaria to the north and Turkey to the east. The emergence of mass migration to Greece in the 1990s—one unforeseen by political elites and the mass public—resulted in markedly increased levels of hostility and fear vis-à-vis migrants. In line with this argument, xenophobia should have been accentuated in Greece after the outburst of the economic crisis in 2009. After brief sections on the new trends of immigration to Greece, the nature of Athens as a southern European city and the methodology of the research, the empirical material of the paper is presented in three main parts: immigrants’ experiences of work and the labour market in Athens; the significance of space and place for the immigrants; and their living and housing arrangements. The eurozone is a geographic area that consists of the European Union (EU) countries that have fully incorporated the euro as their national currency. In 2010, U.S. financial rating agencies stamped Greek bonds with a `` junk '' grade century has already,. 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